April, 29, 2020 Synonyms (II)	
Verbs connected with gaining, winning and achieving
Note these typical collocations connected with ‘gaining’ or ‘achieving’.

Глаголы, связанные с завоеванием, выигрышем и достижением
Обратите внимание на типичные словосочетания, связанные с "приобретением" или "достижением".	
verb	collocates with	example	comments	
gain	power, control, access

власть, контроль, доступ	The Socialist Party gained
control of the National
Assembly.	Gain is often used with abstract nouns relating to political authority.
Слово используется с абстрактными существительными, обозначающими политическую власть.	
gain (formal)	a reputation, publicity,
recognition, an advantage

репутация, реклама,
признание,преимущество	Her paintings gained
recognition thanks to a major exhibition in New York.	Gain is often used with abstract nouns that suggest benefit to the ‘gainer’.
Слово используется с абстрактными существительными, если по контексту предполагается выгода для "получателя"	
win	an award, a prize, a medal,
a match

Награда, премия, медаль,
матч	He won a medal in the 2016 Olympic Games.	Win is often used in contexts associated with competition. Слово используется в контексте, связанном с соревнованиями.	
win	a battle, a war, an election

Битва, война, выборы	The Conservative Party won
the 2015 General Election.	Win is often used in contexts associated with fighting. Контекст, связанный с борьбой	
earn	a salary, money

зарплата, деньги	I earn $2110 a month.	You earn money by working for it.	
make	a profit, money

выгода, деньги	The company made a profit last year.	You can make money by investing etc., not just by working.	
achieve	success, your goals, your
aims
успех, цели	It’s diff icult to achieve success in international sport.	Achieve is used mainly with abstract nouns.
Используется в основном с абстрактными существительными.	
beat/defeat	a team, an opponent

команда, противник	He defeated his opponent in the tennis final.	You win a match but beat/defeat an opponent.
Defeat is more formal than beat. Defeat имеет более формальный оттенок нежели beat.	
Other words that are often confused (другие слова, вызывающие затруднения)	
You’ll need to take warm clothes when you go to
Alaska. (NOT carry)	Вам нужно будет взять теплую одежду, когда вы поедете на Аляску.	
I always carry my mobile
phone whenever I go out. (NOT wear)	Я всегда ношу с собой мобильный телефон, когда я ухожу.	
She was wearing a hat. (NOT carrying)	Она носила шляпу.	
He kindly offered to carry my bag for me.	Он любезно предложил понести  мою сумку.	
She’s wearing a dress. (NOT using)	Она носит платье.	
He’s using a laptop.	Он пользуется ноутбуком.	
Common mistakes (типичные ошибки)	
Notice how spend is used when talking about time and money.
Обратите внимание, как spend  используется при разговоре о времени и деньгах.	
We spent three days in the mountains. It was wonderful. (NOT passed)	Мы провели три дня в горах. Это было замечательно.	
If you buy a big car you’ll have to spend more money on petrol. (NOT use) 	Если вы купите большую машину, придется тратить больше денег на бензин.	
Last night I spent two hours watching TV. (NOT stayed)	Прошлой ночью я два часа смотрел телевизор.	
I spent an hour looking for the keys before I found them in my bag. (NOT passed)	Я целый час искала ключи, прежде чем нашла их в сумке.	
Use a verb from the box in the correct form to complete each collocation.Используйте подходящий глагол из таблицы в праильной форме, чтобы закончить каждое предложение.

achieve beat earn gain make win

1 I don’t have ambitions to ............................................... a lot of money; I just want to be happy in life.
2 Jack has already ............................................... a very good reputation as a talented lawyer.
3 Sophia has ............................................... several prizes for her singing.
4 It is important to have goals even if you do not always ............................................... them.
5 Chris ............................................... a lot of money when he sold some old shares on the stock exchange.
6 In the tournament Hannah ............................................... all her opponents and ............................................... the gold medal.
7 Nowadays Alex ............................................... a very good salary.
8 In the cycle race, Henrik ............................................... an advantage when several of his opponents had
punctures.	
Look at the picture and answer the questions.

1 What is the woman wearing?
2 What is the woman carrying?
3 What is the woman using?
4 What is the man wearing?
5 What is the man using?
6 What is the man carrying?		
Correct the nine collocation errors in this paragraph.Исправьте 9 ошибок, допущенных в устойчивых словочетаниях

Last year I got a new job and started gaining a lot more money. I realised I could afford to use more money on my holiday than I usually do and decided to pass a month in Australia. I knew it would be hot there and so I wouldn’t need to carry warm clothes with me. In fact, I used a t-shirt and jeans all the time I was there. I carried a hat all the time too, of course, to protect me from the sun. It was fantastic there. I passed a week sightseeing in Sydney and then stayed the rest of the time travelling round the country. I even did my lifelong ambition of stroking a koala.	
Change the underlined words so that each sentence has the opposite meaning. Измените подчеркнутые слова, чтобы каждое предложение приобрело противоположный смысл. 
(см. первую таблицу)

1 The Democratic Party lost the election.
2 The ruling power has lost control of the situation.
3 Our team was defeated in the match.
4 I spent a lot of money last month.
5 Our company made a loss last year.	
Все материалы из  книги "English collocations in Use" by M. McCarthy, F. O'Dell.